Increase Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (Vcam-1) And E-Selectin In Hypertensive Patients With Microalbuminuria: An Indication Of Endothelial Dysfunction
Microalbuminuria (MAU) is regarded as a marker of increased risk of morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular, renal, and hypertensive patients. It is thought to relate to the early manifestations of systemic vascular disorder. Endothelial dysfunction is considered as an early indicator of activation of the endothelium that leads to atherosclerosis. Plasma VCAM-1 and E-Selectin are regarded as markers of endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of plasma VCAM-1 and E-Selectin in hypertensive patients with and without MAU. This study was conducted on 78, male hypertensive non diabetic patients aged between 41-70 yr. They were considered hypertensive if the blood pressure = 140/90 mmHg, and as MAU, determined by albumin to urine creatine ratio of 30-300 mg/gr creatinine. Plasma VCAM-1 and E-Selectin were examined with ELISA method. The result of this study showed that systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with MAU and without MAU were 188.5±16.3 mmHg vs 171.3±15 mmHg and 114.8±11.2 mmHg vs 104.1±9.8 mmHg, respectively; plasma VCAM-1 and E-Selectin level were 544.7±132.41 ng/dL vs 371.6±108.14 ng.dL and 66.98±33.44 ng/dL vs 48.08±17.50 ng/dL respectively. These results showed that both plasma levels of VCAM-1 and E-Selectin are higher in hypertensive patients with MAU as compared to those without hypertension or MAU.